https://pebbleresearch.com/document/2016-08-27T21:29:27+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-23-subsistence-and-traditional-knowledge/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/23-photo-1-lg.jpg23-Photo-1-lgA staple in many Alaska homes, moose are an important part of subsistence in the Iliamna Lake region and an area of focus in Pebble’s subsistence and mammal surveys.2014-06-20T17:37:21+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-43-nearshore-fish-and-invertebrates/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-43-image1-lg.jpgCh-43-image1-lgThis threaded sculpin (Gymnocanthus pistilliger) was caught in a trawl sample, March 2, 2010.2014-06-20T17:36:45+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-42-marine-benthos/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-42-image1-lg.jpgCh-42-image1-lgDense cluster of the Feather Duster Worms, (Schizobranchia insignis) are seen here in a typical soft, sand/silt substrate present on diver transects at sampling location MPS1 in Iniskin Bay, August 2004.2014-06-20T17:36:09+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-41-terrestrial-wildlife-and-habitat/2014-06-20T17:35:12+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-biological-environment/chapter-16-wildlife-and-habitat/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/16-wildlife-photo-4-lg.jpg16-Wildlife-Photo-4-lgBrown bears are a common sight in the 455-square mile Pebble study area. In a 2009 survey conducted in partnership with the Alaska Department of Fish and Game, biologists estimated the density of brown bears in the region at 47.7 to 58.3 bears/1,000km.2014-06-20T17:34:43+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-biological-environment/chapter-15-fish-and-aquatic-invertebrates/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/15-fish-photo-1-lg.jpg15-Fish-Photo-1-lgJuvenile coho take cover under woody debris, in this snorkeler’s-eye-view. Snorkeling was the primary survey method for stream-dwelling fish.2014-06-20T17:34:03+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-9-water-quality/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/9-wq-photo-1-lg.jpg9-WQ-Photo-1-lgThe temperature, pH and hardness of water can all have an influence on water quality. In this photo, a scientist takes the temperature of stream in the Pebble study area. Cold temperatures can help water hold more dissolved oxygen than warm water.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/282271f3afa343ea61c811bd1fd94dfc.jpg282271f3afa343ea61c811bd1fd94dfcA scientist takes the temperature of stream in the Pebble study area.2014-06-20T17:33:26+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-7-surface-water-hydrology/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/7-swh-photo-1-lg.jpg7-SWH-Photo-1-lgTeams gathered information on Pebble surface water hydrology every month from 2005 to 2008 for the Environmental Baseline Document. In this photo, a scientist prepares to take an instantaneous flow measurement from beneath the ice.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/1807d590675fedd1f86082cde77d5dac.jpg1807d590675fedd1f86082cde77d5dacA scientist prepares to take an instantaneous flow measurement from beneath the ice.2014-06-20T17:32:57+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-36-marine-habitats/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/36-photo-1-lg.jpg36-Photo-1-lgMudflats, similar to those found at the head of many bays in Cook Inlet, are pictured here near the head of Iniskin Bay in September 2007.2014-06-20T17:31:35+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-24-visual-resources/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/24-visualresources-photo-1-lg.jpg24-VisualResources-Photo-1-lgThe area northwest of Iliamna hosts the Pebble Deposit and is defined by low hills and wide valleys. Pig Mountain is seen here, north of the deposit area.2014-06-20T17:31:08+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-10-trace-elements/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-10-image1-lg.jpgCh-10-image1-lgAfter removing the organic mat, a scientist at Pebble removes stones and twigs while preparing a soil sample for analysis. 253 soil samples were taken from 117 locations in the Pebble study area.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/23086f3c61961f5d55bc1549f7193e4d.jpg23086f3c61961f5d55bc1549f7193e4dPreparing a soil sample for analysis.2014-06-20T17:30:33+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-4-physiography/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/4-physio-photo-1-lg.jpg4-Physio-Photo-1-lgMarked by flat valley bottoms and small, meandering streams, the Pebble mine study area is located in a physiographic unit known as the Nushagak-Big River Hills division.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/58db9bfd7e031cc6a83a904b9d014282.jpg58db9bfd7e031cc6a83a904b9d014282Flat valley bottoms and small, meandering streams.2014-06-20T17:30:10+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-26-climate-and-meteorology/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/26-climatemeteo-photo-1-lg.jpg26-ClimateMeteo-Photo-1-lgA meteorology station at Port Site 1 contains monitoring equipment to study windspeed, temperature, precipitation and solar radiation.2014-06-20T17:28:59+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-12-noise/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/12-noise-photo-1-lg.jpg12-Noise-Photo-1-lgNoise monitoring stations, like this one along the North Newhalen River Road, recorded noise data at 15 sites in seven locations, including Iliamna, Newhalen and Pedro Bay.2014-06-20T17:28:23+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-2-climate-and-meteorology/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/met-photo-3-lg.jpgMet-Photo-3-lgSpanning nearly 30 feet and looking somewhat like a satellite dish, this structure is actually an advanced, highly sensitive temperature sensor. The orange screens on the sensor unit are designed to mitigate the effects of sun.2014-06-20T17:27:47+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/authors/2014-06-20T17:18:35+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/questions/2014-06-20T17:10:34+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/download/2014-03-14T16:47:43+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/legal/2014-03-14T16:40:04+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/faq/2014-03-14T04:56:50+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-biological-environment/2014-03-13T21:06:31+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/2014-03-13T21:05:46+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-biological-environment/chapter-17-threatened-and-endangered-species/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/17-photo-1-lg.jpg17-Photo-1-lgAn historic source of subsistence for Alaska Natives in the region, and a species protected by the Marine Mammal Protection Act, harbor seals are seen here beside a hole in the ice on Iliamna Lake in March, 2010.2014-03-12T20:46:30+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-biological-environment/chapter-14-wetlands/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/14-wetlands-photo-1-lg.jpg14-Wetlands-Photo-1-lgBeaver ponds, like this one, make up some of the wetlands and waterbodies found in the Pebble study area. Scientists evaluated 375 waterbodies in the mine mapping area, classifying 95.1% as open water.2014-03-12T20:44:25+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/2014-03-12T20:42:10+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/2014-03-12T20:41:48+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/2014-03-12T20:41:28+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/2014-03-12T20:32:47+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/chapter-1-introduction/2014-03-12T20:30:11+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-11-geochemical-characterization/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/11-geochem-photo-1-lg.jpg11-GeoChem-Photo-1-lgLaboratory conditions offer precision and accuracy in geochemical modeling. These barrels are part of Pebble’s field weathering tests, designed to expose rock samples to real world conditions. To date, the results of Pebble’s field weathering tests have mirrored the results of laboratory tests.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/0fad2aae2660b34bd247ff240e84f65e.jpg0fad2aae2660b34bd247ff240e84f65eThese barrels are part of Pebble’s field weathering tests, designed to expose rock samples to real world conditions.2014-03-12T20:03:21+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-8-groundwater-hydrology/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/8-gwh-photo-1-lg.jpg8-GWH-Photo-1-lgMore than 400 wells, like those seen here in yellow, were installed as part of the Pebble groundwater studies. Many wells were equipped with piezometers, devices used to measure groundwater pressure and levels, while some wells were used to characterize water quality.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/e0d866c8f19b7c8f734322ca8611970b.jpge0d866c8f19b7c8f734322ca8611970bMore than 400 wells, like those seen here in yellow, were installed as part of the Pebble groundwater studies.2014-03-12T20:01:03+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-6-geotechnical-and-seismic/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/30-seismic-photo-1-lg-1.jpg30-Seismic-Photo-1-lg-1Mt. Redoubt, a volcano located approximately 100 miles northeast of the Pebble deposit, erupted in 2008.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/93e9596bd1210f58edca62d2dbed3cdc.jpg93e9596bd1210f58edca62d2dbed3cdcMt. Redoubt erupts, 20082014-03-12T19:59:33+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-5-soils/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/5-soils-photo-1-lg.jpg5-Soils-Photo-1-lgScientists from Three Parameters Plus analyze soils in the mine study area in the course of a wetlands study.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/95fac5b0f263de30596c1502f734f9a3.jpg95fac5b0f263de30596c1502f734f9a3Scientists from Three Parameters Plus analyze soils in the mine study area in the course of a wetlands study.2014-03-12T19:58:25+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-3-geology-and-mineralization/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/3-geo-photo-1-lg.jpg3-Geo-Photo-1-lgPebble’s surficial geology study identified broad outwash aprons and arched end morraines, the result of multiple periods of glaciation of the study area.https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/0790d881ff34e006e407fb6ab55e77af.jpg0790d881ff34e006e407fb6ab55e77afhttps://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/c2d9df5a079de498e2739e6d894184dc.jpgc2d9df5a079de498e2739e6d894184dcPebble’s surficial geology study identified broad outwash aprons and arched end morraines, the result of multiple periods of glaciation of the study area.2014-03-12T19:57:02+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-20-power/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/20-power-photo-1-lg.jpg20-Power-Photo-1-lgThe Tizimina power plant provides nearly 75% of the electrical power consumed in the communities of Iliamna, Newhalen and Nondalton. Seen here in winter, the power plant produces hydroelectric power at Tizimina Falls, located approximately 12 miles northeast of Iliamna Lake.2014-03-12T19:52:15+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-g-quality-assurance-project-plans/2014-03-12T19:51:57+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-f-consolidated-field-sampling-plans/2014-03-12T19:50:22+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-e-consolidated-study-program/2014-03-12T19:47:34+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-d-chemical-abbreviation/2014-03-12T19:45:52+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-c-data-management/2014-03-12T19:44:35+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-b-iliamna-lake-studies/2014-03-12T19:42:43+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/appendix-a-analytical-data-qaqc/2014-03-12T19:39:55+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-53-recreation/2014-03-12T19:37:03+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-52-visual-resources/2014-03-12T19:34:53+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-51-subsistence/2014-03-12T19:33:22+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-50-cultural-resources/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/50-photo-1-lg.jpg50-Photo-1-lgFirst documented by scientists working on Pebble’s cultural resources studies, charcoal located 21-inches below the surface at this rock shelter dates back approximately 1,500 years. The shelter is located in a widened niche formed in the crack of a rock near Knoll Head.2014-03-12T19:31:27+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-49-socioeconomics/2014-03-12T19:27:28+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-48-power/2014-03-12T19:25:47+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-47-transportation/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/47-photo-1-lg.jpg47-Photo-1-lgBeginning as a portage trail and trade route from Cook Inlet to Iliamna Lake, the road from Williamsport to Pile Bay is now managed by the state of Alaska. The road provides overland passage for fuel, bulk goods and fishing boats from Cook Inlet to Brist2014-03-12T19:24:26+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-human-environment/chapter-46-land-and-water-use/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-46-image1-lg-1.jpgCh-46-image1-lg-1With roots in the same land management settlements that led to the creation of Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, the Pebble Deposit sits on state of Alaska land designated for mineral development.2014-03-12T19:22:34+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-45-threatened-and-endangered-species/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-45-image1-lg.jpgCh-45-image1-lgBiological researchers investigating the Pebble Project study area conducted thorough reviews of existing literature and verified published information with existing conditions through a process known as ground-truth sampling.2014-03-12T19:19:41+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-44-marine-wildlife/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-44-image1-lg.jpgCh-44-image1-lgA scientist conducts a land-based survey for Steller's Eiders in Iniskin Bay, 2006.2014-03-12T19:16:41+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-40-freshwater-fish-and-aquatic-invertebrates/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/40-fishaquatic-photo-1-lg.jpg40-FishAquatic-Photo-1-lgHabitat surveys to document the types and quality of aquatic habitats present in the Cook Inlet study area were conducted from 2004 through 2008. Sample sites at Williams Creek and Iniskin Bay were dominated by boulder and cobble riverbeds, while Y-Valley Creek was dominated by sand, silt and gravel.2014-03-12T19:07:09+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-39-terrestrial-wetlands/2014-03-12T19:04:57+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-biological-environment/chapter-38-terrestrial-vegetation/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/38-photo-1-lg.jpg38-Photo-1-lgClosed, tall alder vegetation areas, pictured above, represent approximately 31% of the Cook Inlet vegetation mapping area.2014-03-12T19:03:19+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-37-noise/2014-03-12T19:01:16+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-35-trace-elements/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/35-photo-2-lg.jpg35-Photo-2-lgScientists investigating trace elements in the Cook Inlet study area sampled intertidal sediments in eight locations, like the one pictured here in July 2008.2014-03-12T18:56:46+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-34-oceanography-and-marine-water-quality/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/34-photo-1-lg.jpg34-Photo-1-lgThe Iliamna-Iniskin Estuary is generally shallow and well mixed by waves and tidal currents. Winds and waves churn the Estuary, seen here in March 2008.2014-03-12T18:54:11+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-33-surface-water-quality-freshwater/2014-03-12T18:52:03+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-32-reserved-for-future-studies/2014-03-12T18:50:10+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-31-surface-water-hydrology/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/31-photo-1-lg.jpg31-Photo-1-lgTeams gathered information on surface water hydrology for the Environmental Baseline Document. In this photo, a scientist prepares a crest gage in the Cook Inlet study area.2014-03-12T18:48:20+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-30-geotechnical-seismic-and-volcanism/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/30-seismic-photo-1-lg.jpg30-Seismic-Photo-1-lgMt. Redoubt, a volcano located approximately 100 miles northeast of the Pebble Deposit, erupts in 2008.2014-03-12T18:45:49+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-29-soils/2014-03-12T18:43:49+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-28-physiography/2014-03-12T18:41:37+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/cook-inlet-physical-chemical-environment/chapter-27-geology/2014-03-12T18:40:01+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-25-recreation/2014-03-12T18:24:18+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-22-cultural-resources/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/22-culture-photo-1-lg.jpg22-Culture-Photo-1-lgArchaeologists document an ancestral site near the Northeast Tributary of Upper Talarik Creek. Evidence of human habitation is rare at the Pebble deposit.2014-03-12T18:16:13+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-21-socioeconomics/2014-03-12T18:13:53+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-19-transportation/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/19-trans-photo-1-lg.jpg19-Trans-Photo-1-lgBeginning as a portage trail and trade route from Cook Inlet to Iliamna Lake, the road from Williamsport to Pile Bay is now managed by the State of Alaska. The road currently provides overland passage for fuel, bulk goods and fishing boats from Cook Inlet to Bristol Bay.2014-03-12T18:04:10+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-human-environment/chapter-18-land-and-water-use/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/ch-46-image1-lg.jpgCh-46-image1-lgWith roots in the same land management settlements that led to the creation of Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, the Pebble deposit sits on state of Alaska land designated for mineral development.2014-03-12T17:58:27+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/bristol-bay-biological-environment/chapter-13-vegetation/https://pebbleresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/13-veg-photo-1-lg.jpg13-Veg-Photo-1-lgDominated by crowberry, Labrador tea and dwarf birch, the shrub tundra pictured here was fairly typical of the ground coverage in the 127,000-acre Pebble vegetation study area.2014-03-12T17:42:26+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.com/document/appendices/2014-03-11T23:32:42+00:00weekly0.6https://pebbleresearch.comdaily1.02016-08-27T21:29:27+00:00